Excavating machinery feem ntau ua haujlwm txog 60% ntawm kev txav hauv av hauv cov haujlwm engineering dav dav thiab 80% ntawm stripping thiab excavation hauv qhib- qhov mines. Excavating machinery muab faib ua ob pawg: ib zaug- thoob excavators thiab ntau- thoob excavators. Ib qho - thoob excavators ua haujlwm cyclically, thaum ntau - thoob excavators ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua.
First Generation Excavators: Lub advent ntawm hluav taws xob motors thiab combustion engines muab excavators nrog advanced thiab haum hluav taws xob drives, ua rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ntau yam excavator khoom. Thawj qhov hluav taws xob excavator tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1899. Tom qab Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 1, lub tshuab hluav taws xob kuj tau siv rau hauv excavators; cov diesel cav (los yog hluav taws xob lub cev muaj zog) uas tau tsav txhua yam excavators yog thawj tiam ntawm excavators.
Thib Ob Tiam Excavators: Kev siv dav dav ntawm cov tshuab hydraulic muab cov tshuab excavators nrog ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb thiab tsim cov khoom sib kis. Hydraulic kis tau tus mob hloov mechanical kis tau tus mob yog ib tug loj leap rau pem hauv ntej nyob rau hauv excavator technology. Thawj hydraulic excavator yug nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees xyoo 1950. Lub hydraulicization ntawm mechanical kis tau tus mob yog lub thib ob tiam ntawm excavators.
Lub cim thib peb ntawm excavators: Kev siv dav siv hauv tshuab hluav taws xob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog siv tshuab computer, tau ua kom cov excavators muaj kev tswj hwm lub tshuab, thiab tseem tau tsav txoj kev loj hlob ntawm excavators mus rau kev ua haujlwm siab, automation, thiab kev txawj ntse. Lub tswv yim ntawm mechatronics tau tshwm sim nyob ib puag ncig xyoo 1965, thiab nws txoj kev saws me nyuam hauv huab hwm coj - tsim tawm hydraulic excavators pib nyob rau xyoo 1985, feem ntau rau kev txuag hluav taws xob. Kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm excavators yog lub cim ntawm peb tiam. Excavator manufacturers tuaj yeem muab faib ua plaub hom. Cov khoom lag luam txawv teb chaws tseem yog tus thawj coj hauv kev lag luam excavator, suav txog ntau dua 70% ntawm kev ua lag luam. Cov khoom lag luam hauv tsev feem ntau tsom rau cov me me thiab nruab nrab- cov excavators loj, tab sis lawv txoj kev lag luam tau maj mam nce, nce los ntawm 3.6% xyoo-rau- xyoo hauv 2012.
